arXiv:2608.23536cs.CRcs.AI2026-08

用少量样本快速学习新病毒,防止旧知识遗忘。

Adapter-Based Few-Shot Continual Learning for Malicious Packet Recognition

论文配图:Adapter-Based Few-Shot Continual Learning for Malicious Packet Recognition
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用自监督预训练+低秩适配,高效更新模型
  • 在多个数据集上准确率超越现有方法
  • 适合需要快速应对新型恶意包的系统

恶意软件变种持续演化,要求检测系统能适应新威胁而无需从头训练。然而,在持续更新模型时易发生灾难性遗忘,导致先前知识丢失。尽管持续学习已被用于恶意软件检测,但少样本类增量学习(FSCIL)——即仅用少量标注样本学习新恶意软件类别——仍研究不足。为此,本文研究了恶意软件分类中的FSCIL场景。为解决稳定性与可塑性的矛盾,提出混合框架:采用在恶意包数据上进行领域特定预训练的自监督学习(SSL)骨干网络;在基础阶段使用低秩适配(LoRA)微调,冻结主干以保留已有表征;在增量阶段采用基于原型的分类头,利用有限样本建立稳健决策边界。大量实验表明,该方法在多个数据集上持续优于现有恶意软件FSCIL基线,并达到当前最优性能。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The continual evolution of malware variants necessitates detection systems that can adapt to new threats without retraining from scratch. However, continually updating models on new data often leads to catastrophic forgetting, where previously learned knowledge is overwritten. While continual learning has been increasingly explored for malware detection, the specific setting of Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning (FSCIL), where new malware classes must be learned from only a small number of labeled examples, remains comparatively underexplored. Therefore, this work investigates the FSCIL setting for malware classification. To address the stability-plasticity dilemma, we propose a hybrid framework that leverages a Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) backbone initialized through domain-specific pre-training on malware packets. Our method incorporates Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) to efficiently adapt the model during the base session while freezing the core backbone to preserve previously learned representations, alongside a prototype-based classification head for incremental sessions to establish robust decision boundaries from limited samples. Extensive experiments across several datasets demonstrate that our approach consistently outperforms prior malware FSCIL baselines and achieves state-of-the-art performance.

恶意包识别少样本学习持续学习

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