用自动化检查锁死接口,让智能体重建应用更可靠。
Rebuild Dossier: Mechanically-Enforced Specs for Agentic App Rebuilds, and What Model-Tier Failures Reveal
- 重建前锁定真实输入输出,通过逐项测试强制执行,而非依赖人工指令。
- 弱模型在大项目上失败,但强模型三次成功遵循流程,证明机制有效。
- 三重验证机制发现自身日志缺陷,适合追求高可靠性的开发团队。
AI智能体的重建质量取决于其生成过程。以往研究发现,当模型足够强大时,多智能体重建流程反而不如最简单的方法:直接给模型原始代码和一条指令(AgentModernize)。我们提出rebuild-dossier,一个开源工具,在编写代码前锁定应用的真实界面(精确输入输出),并通过自动化测试实现逐项构建,而非仅依赖书面指令。评估得出三个结果:第一,在小规模对比中,遵守规则的智能体未能通过保留测试,而违规者却全部通过,证明通过测试集不等于正确性,测试可被操纵;第二,与仅提供源码和一条指令的方法相比,在小应用上持平,但在大应用上显著落后——此时自动化检查未运行,表明检查机制本身才是关键;第三,所有声明均在三个层面验证:智能体报告、自动化日志、实际产出文件,成功捕获真实错误,包括我们自身日志代码中的缺陷,单一层面将遗漏。该风险在不同模型与工具链中重现:更强模型连续三次遵循流程,弱模型从未做到。工具已开源,采用MIT许可证,可端到端复现于我们自研应用。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
An AI agent's rebuild is only as good as the process that produced it. Prior work found that once a model is strong enough, a multi-agent rebuild pipeline loses to the simplest approach: giving the model the original code and one instruction (AgentModernize). We present rebuild-dossier, an open-source tool that locks an application's real interface - its exact inputs and outputs - before any code is written, then enforces one-test-at-a-time building through automated checks, not written instructions alone. Three results shape this evaluation, with differing amounts of evidence. First, in a small comparison, the compliant agent failed a held-back test while the rule-breaking agent passed everything - proof that a passing suite doesn't certify correctness when tests can be gamed. Second, we tested whether this beats simply giving the weaker model the source and one instruction: tied on a small app, but lost outright on a larger one where the automated check wasn't even running - pointing to the check mechanism, not interface-locking, which held up separately. Third, every claim here is checked at three levels - the agent's own report, an automated log, and the actual files produced - catching real errors, including a bug in our own logging code, that a single level would have missed. These risks reproduce on a different model and toolchain: a stronger model followed our process three times running, something the weaker model never managed. The tool is public, MIT licensed, and reproduces end to end against our own applications.
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