arXiv:2608.23908cs.AI2026-08

用检索增强生成与税务计算引擎对比,发现纯语言模型已能胜任税务减损推荐。

Retrieval-augmented generation vs. deterministic tax computation in multi-agent financial advisory: A 2x2 factorial experiment

论文配图:Retrieval-augmented generation vs. deterministic tax computation in multi-agent financial advisory: A 2x2 factorial experiment
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用定制税务计算引擎和RAG检索报告为多智能体系统提供上下文
  • 启用税务引擎使税后收益提升55个百分点,但RAG效果不显著
  • 语言模型内部知识足以完成税务减损,工具增强未必更好

税务减损对长期投资组合增长有持续益处,但高效实施需考虑持仓和投资者个体差异。本文构建了定制资本利得计算引擎和基于RAG的市场咨询报告向量库,用于多智能体交易推荐系统。通过2×2重复测量方差分析,发现税务优化引擎主效应显著(F(1,29) = 9.17, p = .005, η²p = .240):启用该引擎相比无引擎条件可提升税后收益约55个百分点。RAG主效应不显著(p = .841),交互效应亦不显著(p = .553)。仅使用RAG的条件税后收益均值最高(47.7%),基线条件次之(30.6%),表明预训练语言模型的内部金融知识可能已足够支持有效的税务减损推荐。结果说明,为大语言模型智能体引入领域专用计算工具并不保证性能提升,反而可能引入冲突优化信号。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Tax-loss harvesting demonstrates consistent benefits to long-term portfolio growth; yet implementing it efficiently often involves complex considerations that are specific to the holdings within that portfolio and the individual who owns it. We introduce a custom capital gains calculation engine and a RAG-retrieved vector store of market advisory reports to provide context for a multi-agent trade recommendation system. We investigate the effects of each context provider on the quality of recommendations, measured by relative capital gains incurred during portfolio liquidation. A 2x2 repeated-measures ANOVA revealed a significant main effect of the tax optimization engine ($F(1,29) = 9.17$, $p = .005$, $η^2_p = .240$): enabling the engine reduced tax savings by approximately 55 percentage points relative to the no-engine conditions. The RAG main effect was not significant ($p = .841$), nor was the interaction ($p = .553$). The RAG-only condition achieved the highest descriptive mean tax savings (47.7%), and the baseline condition performed second-best (30.6%), suggesting that the pre-trained language model's internalized financial knowledge may be sufficient for competent tax-loss harvesting recommendations without explicit tooling. These results indicate that augmenting LLM agents with domain-specific computation engines does not guarantee improved performance and may introduce conflicting optimization signals.

多智能体税务减损RAGLLM应用

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