arXiv:2608.24010cs.CV2026-08

用方向可变的分布代替固定点,解决多标签哈希中的梯度冲突问题。

Absorbing Gradient Conflicts: Modeling Semantic Variance via Kent Distributions for Cross-Modal Hashing

论文配图:Absorbing Gradient Conflicts: Modeling Semantic Variance via Kent Distributions for Cross-Modal Hashing
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 将类别原型从固定点改为球面上的肯特分布,动态调整方向方差。
  • 在三个基准数据集上显著提升性能,避免了代理崩溃和震荡现象。
  • 适合需要处理多标签、高维相似性检索的研究者与工程师。

监督式基于代理的深度跨模态哈希已成为大规模检索的主流范式。然而,现有方法将类别代理建模为嵌入空间中的确定性点,这一刚性假设在多标签场景下引发严重梯度冲突,导致梯度竞争与优化崩溃。为此,本文提出肯特分布代理哈希(KDPH),首次将代理表示从静态点拓展为球面上的柔性各向异性肯特分布。相比必须移动位置以适应冲突梯度的点代理,KDPH通过动态调节方向方差吸收梯度冲突,使代理在保持稳定语义均值方向的同时,扩展覆盖多样标签关联。为保障几何参数的稳定训练,我们设计了结合克莱利变换的定制化损失函数,强制实现严格正交性。实验在三个基准数据集上验证,KDPH有效缓解代理崩溃与混沌振荡,显著优于现有先进方法。代码已开源:https://github.com/Senmo996/KDPH-official-code。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Supervised proxy-based deep cross-modal hashing has become the dominant paradigm for large-scale retrieval. However, prevalent methods model class proxies as deterministic points in the embedding space. This rigid assumption causes severe gradient conflicts in multi-label scenarios, where gradient conflicts arising from label co-occurrence lead to severe gradient contention and optimization collapse. To resolve this, we propose Kent-based Distributional Proxy Hashing (KDPH), a novel framework that shifts proxy representation from static points to flexible anisotropic Kent distributions on the hypersphere. Unlike point proxies that must shift their positions to accommodate conflicting gradients, KDPH absorbs these conflicts by dynamically adjusting its directional variance. This allows the proxy to maintain a stable semantic mean direction while stretching to cover diverse label correlations. Furthermore, to ensure stable training of these geometric parameters, we derive a tailored loss function incorporating the Cayley transform to enforce strict orthogonality. To the best of our knowledge, KDPH is the first framework to successfully introduce the Kent distributions into cross-modal hashing. Experiments on three benchmark datasets demonstrate that KDPH mitigates proxy collapse and chaotic oscillation, significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods. Code is available at https://github.com/Senmo996/KDPH-official-code.

跨模态哈希分布表示多标签检索

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