arXiv:2608.24049cs.LG2026-08

用高斯点云表示法融合物理规律,让神经算子更准预测长期演化。

Physics-Integrated Operator Learning via Gaussian Splatting Representations

论文配图:Physics-Integrated Operator Learning via Gaussian Splatting Representations
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用高斯点云构建连续场,直接嵌入微分算子,不依赖残差损失。
  • 长期预测误差降低1.5到2.2倍,谱保真度显著提升。
  • 适合物理信息不完整场景,通用性强,适合做科学计算代理模型。

神经算子为时空偏微分方程系统提供高效代理,但纯数据驱动方法在长时序自回归预测中误差累积严重,且难以利用已知的控制方程结构。现有方法主要通过残差损失或特定架构约束引入物理,易导致优化困难或限制泛化能力。本文提出一种表征级物理融合方法:采用前馈高斯点云(FFGS)表示,将离散解场与控制算子连接成连续场。该表示支持闭式空间导数计算,使物理微分算子可直接集成于学习的演化映射中,无需引入物理残差损失。在二维与三维偏微分方程系统(包括对流、扩散、非线性自对流及反应动力学)上评估,本框架在长时序自回归推演中,相对ℓ₂误差比最强纯数据驱动基线降低1.5×至2.2×,同时保持优异频谱保真度。即使控制方程部分未知,仍表现鲁棒。结果表明,连续场表示可为通用神经算子有效融入物理结构提供实用接口。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Neural operators provide efficient surrogates for spatiotemporal PDE systems, but purely data-driven formulations often accumulate substantial errors during long-horizon autoregressive prediction and may fail to exploit available governing-equation structure. Existing approaches incorporate physics primarily through residual-based training objectives or PDE-specific architectural constraints, which can introduce optimization difficulties or limit architectural generality. In this work, we introduce a representation-level approach to physics integration in which a feed-forward Gaussian splatting (FFGS) representation serves as a continuous interface between discretized solution fields and governing operators. The FFGS representation reconstructs the state as a continuous Gaussian field with closed-form spatial derivatives, allowing available physical PDE operators to be integrated directly within the learned evolution map without introducing a physics-residual loss. We evaluate the framework across two- and three-dimensional PDE systems, including advection, diffusion, nonlinear self-advection, and reaction dynamics. Over long-horizon autoregressive rollouts, the proposed framework reduces relative $\ell_2$ error by $1.5\times$--$2.2\times$ compared with the strongest purely data-driven baseline across the benchmark suite, while consistently improving spectral fidelity. The framework also remains effective when the governing equations are partially known, demonstrating robustness to incomplete physics. These results demonstrate that continuous field representations can provide a practical interface for incorporating known physical structure into generic neural-operator surrogates.

神经算子物理融合高斯点云偏微分方程

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