arXiv:2608.24126cs.LGcs.NA2026-08

用神经网络和无网格方法实现脆性断裂的高精度模拟,无需显式追踪裂纹。

A mesh-free multiresolution deep energy method with phase-field modeling of brittle fracture

论文配图:A mesh-free multiresolution deep energy method with phase-field modeling of brittle fracture
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用单个神经网络同时表示位移与相场,通过多分辨率编码提升细节表达能力。
  • 在六种测试中,载荷-位移曲线与有限元结果基本一致,峰值载荷误差小于8%。
  • 适用于复杂裂纹拓扑变化场景,零样本下对90%裂纹状态分类准确,优于基线方法。

脆性断裂的相场建模通过能量泛函最小化替代了裂纹路径的显式追踪,但需要足够精细的离散化以解析由正则化长度决定的局部化带宽,且裂纹路径未知。本文提出一种无网格离散化方法:单个神经网络同时表征位移场与相场,直接通过最小化增量能量进行训练。输入坐标通过基于C¹二次B样条网格构建的多分辨率特征编码处理,使最细尺度由选择决定而非依赖缓慢训练;能量采用每轮优化迭代重采样的分层蒙特卡洛积分估算。该组合至关重要:当积分点固定或编码过粗时,裂纹均无法推进,但一旦另一部分配置得当,各成分均可容忍较宽参数范围。由于表示全局C¹连续,二阶与四阶断裂能密度可在相同离散化上运行。在六类问题(包括单边缺口拉伸、剪切及厚壁环)中,计算的载荷-位移曲线在匹配正则化长度下与交错有限元参考结果一致,单边缺口测试峰值载荷误差约1%,拓扑变化场景内误差约8%。在公开随机多裂纹配置基准数据集上,该方法在二十次零样本运行中成功识别90%种子裂纹的激活/休眠状态,而原数据集作者的深度瑞兹基线方法未能达到此效果。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Phase-field modeling of brittle fracture removes the need to track cracks explicitly by recasting their evolution as the minimization of an energy functional. In return it requires a discretization dense enough to resolve a localization band whose width is set by a regularization length and whose path is not known in advance. We propose a mesh-free discretization in which a single neural network represents the displacement and phase fields and is trained by minimizing the incremental energy directly. The coordinates enter the network through a multiresolution feature encoding built from $C^1$ quadratic B-spline grids, so the finest scale the representation can express is set by choice rather than reached through slow training, and the energy is estimated by stratified Monte Carlo integration on points redrawn at every optimizer iteration. This pairing proves critical, since the crack fails to advance both when the integration points are held fixed and when the encoding is too coarse to represent the band, while each ingredient tolerates a wide range of settings once the other is in place. Because the representation is globally $C^1$, the second- and the fourth-order fracture energy densities run on the identical discretization. Across six problems, from single-edge-notched tension and shear to a thick-walled ring on a single spline patch, the computed load-displacement curves follow staggered finite element references at matched regularization length, with peak loads within about 1% on the single-edge-notched tests and within 8% where the crack pattern changes topology. On a public benchmark dataset of random multi-crack configurations the method classifies the active or dormant state of 90% of the seeded cracks in twenty zero-shot runs, where the deep Ritz baseline of the dataset authors fails.

断裂模拟神经网络无网格方法相场模型

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