用AI分析荷兰职场数字化程度,揭示岗位与技能的数字转型趋势。
Measuring Digital Labour Market Transitions with a Digital Semantic Score: An AI-Based Methodology Applied to the Dutch Labour Market
- 通过嵌入相似度和大模型分类,将非结构化职位信息映射到标准职业体系。
- 发现管理、专业及ICT类岗位数字化语言最显著,且新兴岗位中自动化相关词汇增多。
- 提出数字语义得分,可量化技能与数字概念的关联强度,适合政策制定者与教育机构参考。
荷兰劳动力市场的数字化转型正在重塑职业语言、职业路径与工作技能。本文提出一种基于AI的方法,利用涵盖数百万荷兰职位数据,结合嵌入相似性搜索与大语言模型分类,将非结构化职位信息映射至统一的ESCO职业体系。研究引入「数字语义得分」,衡量职位名称与技能与数字概念的关联强度,相较传统关键词方法更全面捕捉职业语言中的数字内涵。该指标通过嵌入向量与余弦相似度构建数字与非数字锚点组,实现对职业、职业转换路径、新兴岗位术语及技能数字化程度的分析。结果显示,数字化分布不均:管理、专业及信息技术类岗位数字化特征突出,同时在混合型商务、营销与自动化相关角色中日益显现。职业转换分析表明数字化路径具有依赖性;技能分析揭示数字能力包含技术、融合与业务系统三类维度。本研究整合职位数据、AI分类与语义评分,为数字化劳动力市场动态监测提供可扩展框架,助力识别新兴技能需求,支持再培训策略与缓解技能错配及劳动力短缺的政策制定。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The digital transformation of the Dutch labour market is reshaping occupational language, career pathways, and job-related skills. Addressing these changes requires granular labour market intelligence. This paper develops an AI-based methodology to analyse digitalisation using data covering millions of Dutch job profiles. The methodology combines embedding-based similarity search and large language model classification to map unstructured job information to harmonised ESCO occupations. We also introduce a Digital Semantic Score that measures how strongly job titles and skills are associated with digital concepts relative to a non-digital reference. Using embeddings and cosine similarity to transparent digital and non-digital anchor groups, this indicator moves beyond keyword-based approaches by capturing broader digital meanings in occupational language and worker skill profiles. It enables analysis across occupations, career transitions, emerging job-title vocabulary, and skill digitality. The findings reveal that digitalisation is unevenly distributed across the labour market. Digital job-title language is most prominent among managerial, professional and ICT-related occupations, but is increasingly visible in hybrid business, marketing and automation-related roles. Career-transition analyses show that movement toward digital work is pathway-dependent, while skill analyses highlight the multidimensional nature of digital capability, encompassing technical, hybrid and business-systems skills. By combining profile data, AI-supported occupational classification and semantic scoring, this study advances AI-driven labour market analytics and provides a scalable framework for monitoring digital labour market change. The methodology helps identify emerging skill needs, support reskilling strategies, and inform policies addressing skills mismatches and labour shortages in the Netherlands.
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