arXiv:2608.25275cs.AIcs.RO2026-08

跨路口统一交通行为模型,提升零样本与小样本泛化能力。

PhaseShift: Topology-Aware Data Harmonization and Model Consolidation Across Signalized Intersections

论文配图:PhaseShift: Topology-Aware Data Harmonization and Model Consolidation Across Signalized Intersections
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过拓扑感知表示消除路口差异,构建共享的驾驶员中心模型
  • 在5个路口上实现10秒预测误差降低36.8%(minADE)和22.0%(minFDE)
  • 适合需跨路口部署、数据稀疏场景下的智能交通系统应用

学习型交通行为模型通常为每个路口独立训练,导致模型无法跨站点共享信息。本文提出PhaseShift框架,通过拓扑感知方法将异构路侧轨迹统一为共享的以行为主体为中心的表示,并训练一个可复用的主干模型。该方法采用相对坐标、轨迹诱导路径、归一化信号状态及可变基数交互标记,去除站点特异性的同时保留行为相关拓扑结构。主干模型支持聚合操作、零样本部署与低数据适应。我们在佛罗里达两个区域的5个路口进行评估,使用平衡场数据,每站点10万训练窗口与等大小测试集,在回放条件下的最佳采样轨迹协议下测试。10秒时,单一聚合模型在所有5个路口均优于本地训练模型,中位数减少minADE 36.8%、minFDE 22.0%。留一交叉验证(含跨区域折叠)在4/5站点上优于本地训练,短时表现一致性较差。使用1,000个目标更新窗口微调后,在3个站点上超越零样本,是其中1个站点最优方案。在站点7,所有跨站点混合策略在固定10万窗口预算下显著降低长时预测误差;测试似然提升反驳了仅靠采样分散的解释。本地模型在高流量站点经长程自回归推演后落后于校准的IDM模型;而预训练主干模型则未出现此问题。本研究证明了在异构控制条件下实现模型整合的可行性,并识别出仍需适应的站点。评估协议衡量的是基于回放上下文的单车生成,非闭环交通仿真。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Learned traffic-behavior models are commonly trained separately for each intersection, creating model portfolios that cannot share evidence across sites. We present PhaseShift, a topology-aware framework that harmonizes heterogeneous roadside trajectories into a shared actor-centric representation and trains one reusable backbone. Ego-relative coordinates, trajectory-induced movement paths, normalized signal context, and variable-cardinality interaction tokens remove site conventions while preserving behaviorally relevant topology. The backbone supports pooled operation, zero-shot at a held-out intersection, and low-data adaptation. We evaluate five intersections in two Florida regions on balanced field data, 100k training windows and equal-sized test sets per site under a replay-conditioned, best-of-sampled-trajectory protocol. At 10s, one pooled model lowers both minADE and minFDE relative to trained local models at all five sites, with median reductions of 36.8% and 22.0%. Leave-one-intersection-out deployment, including one cross-region fold, beats local training on both 10-s metrics at four of five sites, although short-horizon performance is less uniform. Fine-tuning with 1,000 target update windows improves on zero-shot at three sites and is the strongest regime at one. At site 7, every cross-site mixture sharply lowers long-horizon error under a fixed 100k-window budget; test-likelihood gains argue against a best-of-sample dispersion-only explanation. Local models fall behind calibrated IDM at the two highest-flow sites after long autoregressive rollouts; pretrained-backbone regimes do not. Within this five-site evaluation, PhaseShift demonstrates consolidation across heterogeneous physical control settings while identifying sites that still require adaptation. The protocol measures conditional single-vehicle generation under replayed context, not closed-loop traffic simulation.

交通建模跨域泛化模型融合

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