arXiv:2608.26533eess.SYcs.RO2026-08

为自动驾驶轨迹选择提供可证明的安全裕度认证,提升实际安全性保障。

Barrier Function Conformal Safety Clearance Certification with CVaR for Driving Trajectory Selection

论文配图:Barrier Function Conformal Safety Clearance Certification with CVaR for Driving Trajectory Selection
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用可微分屏障函数量化轨迹与障碍物的最小安全距离
  • 通过CVaR和校准降低安全裕度误差,使真实安全率超90%
  • 适合需要高可靠性安全验证的自动驾驶系统研发

自动驾驶运动规划器在生成候选轨迹时需考虑与周围交通参与者交互,但现有方法无法验证所选轨迹的实际安全裕度。本文提出一种框架,评估规划器选定轨迹,并校准其计划时安全裕度与实际实现安全距离之间的差距。采用可微分的分离轴屏障函数,确定性地约束精确的有向包围盒(OBB)安全距离,将统计认证与安全裕度关联。规划阶段使用名义预测和采样低尾部条件风险价值(CVaR)评估裕度,事后通过交换式驾驶会话进行置信校准,吸收预测与采样误差。该校准方法无需依赖预测器正确性即可保证统计有效性。在包含300次冻结会话的nuPlan数据集上,使用原生预测驾驶员模型(PDM)闭环提案进行评估。当目标误覆盖率为10%时,采样低尾部CVaR将置信校正从1.43米降至0.03米,非负安全裕度证书覆盖率由68.7%提升至87.3%。所有评估指标下,精确清除覆盖率均保持在90%以上,达93.3%至96.7%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Autonomous driving motion planners generate and select candidate trajectories while accounting for interactions with surrounding agents. However, these evaluations do not certify the actual safety clearance of the selected trajectory. The framework evaluates the trajectory selected by ant planners and calibrates the gap between its plan time margin and realized safety clearance. A differentiable separating axis barrier margin deterministically lower bounds exact signed oriented-bounding-box (OBB) safety clearance, connecting the statistical certificate to safety margin. At plan time, the margin is evaluated using either a nominal prediction and sampled lower tail Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR), while post-selection conformal calibration over exchangeable drive sessions absorbs prediction and sampling errors. Conformal calibration provides statistical validity independently of predictor correctness. The method is evaluated on a frozen 300 session nuPlan study using native Predictive Driver Model (PDM) Closed loop proposals. At 10% target miscoverage, sampled lower CVaR reduces the conformal correction from 1.43m to 0.03m and increases the rate of nonnegative safety clearance certificates from 68.7% to 87.3%. Across all evaluated statistics, exact-clearance coverage remains above the 90% target at 93.3--96.7%.

自动驾驶安全认证轨迹规划风险控制

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