打造更真实的深海机器人仿真环境,提升导航与自主性研究可信度。
Beyond Shallow-Water Photorealism: Physically and Sensor-Grounded Simulation for Deep-Sea Robotics

- 基于石鱼模拟器增强深海物理与传感器模型
- 引入惯导/声学测速仪漂移等真实误差机制
- 适合深海探测、长期自主导航研究者使用
现有水下仿真器多关注浅海视觉真实感,忽视深海物理特性与高计算成本。本文提出对Stonefish模拟器的扩展,融入随机惯性测量单元(IMU)与多普勒测速仪(DVL)漂移、磁力计干扰、高阶流体力学、地形力学、压力驱动环境变化及基于物理的水下光学模型。这些改进更准确刻画深海无人航行器(AUV、ROV、着陆器、ASV、滑翔机)所受力与感知数据,支持实时仿真。该框架有助于提升长期导航与学习型自主系统研究的可靠性,避免因传感器与环境建模不实导致的非物理伪影和性能虚高。尽管仍面临复杂流固耦合与全环境随机性挑战,本工作为深海导航、感知与自主研究提供了实用仿真基础。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Many recent underwater simulators emphasize visual realism at the expense of physical fidelity, focusing on shallow-water effects with limited relevance in deep-water environments and high computational cost. In this work, we shift the focus toward deep-sea physical and sensor realism. We present a physics- and sensor-grounded extension of the Stonefish simulator that augments its hydrodynamic models with stochastic IMU and DVL drift, magnetometer disturbances, higher-order hydrodynamics, terramechanics, pressure-driven environmental variability, and physically based underwater optics. These additions are designed to better capture the forces and measurements shaping the behavior of deep-ocean AUVs, ROVs, landers, ASVs, and gliders, while remaining compatible with real-time simulation. This work advances underwater simulation toward more representative deep-sea operating conditions, which is particularly relevant for long-duration navigation and learning-based autonomy, where inaccurate sensor and environmental models introduce non-physical artifacts and overly optimistic performance. While challenges remain, including complex fluid-structure interactions and full environmental stochasticity, the proposed framework provides a practical foundation for navigation, perception, and autonomy research under deep-sea conditions.
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