无需标注数据,让CT模型自动适应CBCT图像分割。
Unsupervised Adaptation of 3D CT Foundation Models for 3D CBCT Segmentation

- 通过减少特征冗余实现无监督域适应,适配3D CBCT图像。
- 在两个肝脏分割任务中,显著优于现有预训练模型和迁移方法。
- 支持CNN与ViT模型,适合医疗影像跨模态迁移研究者。
准确的3D锥形束CT(CBCT)分割对介入治疗和放疗至关重要,但受限于标注数据稀缺及诊断CT与CBCT间的显著域偏移。介入CBCT在成像物理机制和对比度内容上与常规CT存在根本差异,导致跨模态迁移困难。本文提出一种基于冗余减少特征对齐的新型无监督域适应(UDA)框架,可在无目标域标注或推理时调整的情况下实现3D CBCT分割。该方法不依赖具体架构,可无缝适配基于CNN和ViT的预训练基础模型。我们在两个具有挑战性的CT-CBCT肝脏分割基准上进行评估:一个用于介入血管操作,另一个用于放疗。结果表明,即使大规模预训练分割网络也需显式特征空间桥接才能跨模态泛化,而本文方法始终优于现有预训练基础模型与UDA策略。为支持可复现性与基准测试,我们公开了公共CBCT数据集的肝脏分割结果,以及代码、训练模型与权重。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Accurate 3D segmentation of cone-beam CT (CBCT) is critical for interventional and radiation therapy applications, yet it remains limited by two compounding challenges: the scarcity of annotated CBCT data and the large domain shift from diagnostic CT. Interventional CBCT exhibits fundamental modality differences from conventional CT, driven by acquisition and physics effects as well as contrast-specific vascular content, thereby limiting effective cross-modality model transfer. We propose a novel unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) framework based on redundancy-reducing feature alignment, enabling 3D CBCT segmentation with no target-domain annotations or inference-time adaptation. Our framework is architecture-agnostic, seamlessly adapting both CNN-based and ViT-based foundation models. We evaluate our method on two challenging CT-CBCT liver segmentation benchmarks: one for interventional vascular procedures and one for radiation therapy, demonstrating that even large-scale pretrained segmentation networks require explicit feature-space bridging to generalize across acquisition modalities, and that our approach consistently outperforms existing pretrained foundation model and UDA strategies. To support reproducibility and benchmarking, we release the liver segmentations for a public CBCT dataset, along with the code, trained models, and weights.
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