从物体受力响应中自动校准物理参数,让3D高斯模型更真实。
KnockGS:interaction-Grounded Calibrationof Physical Gaussian Representations

- 利用受力后的动态响应特征反推弹性与密度参数
- 在5个不同材料上比传统方法更准,且跨方向/大小交互仍有效
- 适合需要真实物理模拟的数字孪生、虚拟交互场景
物理集成的3D高斯表示现已支持可变形物体在明确材料模型下的仿真与渲染。然而现有流程假设材料参数已知或需手动设定,限制了其在需从物体动态中推断参数时的应用。本文提出 KnockGS,一种基于交互响应的 PhysicalGS 框架,从已知外力作用下的物体动态中估计3D高斯对象的弹性与密度尺度。不同于仅将物理仿真视为前向过程,我们将其受力响应作为校准信号:从观测动态中提取时间响应特征,据此估计两个材料尺度,并将估计值冻结写回同一仿真器中,以在从未拟合过的交互上进行测试。我们在参数恢复与响应保真度上评估该框架。估计的尺度与隐藏的真实值对比,重仿真结果通过3D粒子轨迹、响应曲线统计和渲染帧质量与目标对比。在五个保留材料目标上,本方法显著优于响应检索、全局回归或固定默认材料,且冻结估计在方向和幅值不同的交互下仍具预测性。交互响应足以校准物理基底3D高斯表示中的材料尺度。本研究是迈向可交互物理高斯系统的第一步,使高斯资产的渲染外观与模拟响应保持一致。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Physics-integrated 3D Gaussian representations now allow reconstructed deformable objects to be simulated and rendered under explicit material models. Existing pipelines, however, assume that material parameters are known or manually specified, limiting their applicability when these parameters must be inferred from observed object dynamics. We propose KnockGS, an interaction-response PhysicalGS framework that estimates the elasticity and density scales of a 3D Gaussian object from its dynamics under a known applied force. Rather than treating physical simulation only as a forward process, we turn the force-induced response into a calibration signal: temporal response features are xtracted from the observed dynamics, the two material scales are estimated from those features, and the estimate is then frozen and written back into the same simulator so that it can be tested on an interaction it was never fitted to.We evaluate the framework on both parameter recovery and response-level fidelity. The estimated scales are compared against hidden ground truth, and the re-simulated object is measured against the target using 3D particle trajectories, response-curve statistics, and rendered-frame quality. Across five held-out material targets, our method recovers the scales substantially more accurately than response retrieval, global regression, or a fixed default material, and the frozen estimate remains predictive under interactions that differ in direction and in magnitude. Interaction response therefore carries enough information to calibrate material scales in physically grounded 3D Gaussian representations.Our study is a first step toward interactive PhysicalGS systems that calibrate a Gaussian asset whose rendered appearance and simulated response are consistent.
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