3D-USE让水下3D场景自动增强，提升清晰度与一致性。
3D-USE: From Image-Level to Scene-Level Underwater Enhancement
- 用径向基锚点分离物体与水体影响，构建稳定3D场景表示
- 通过2D图像增强知识迁移，实现全局一致的3D增强目标
- 无需配对增强数据，适合真实水下三维重建应用
水下3D重建虽能忠实还原色彩偏移和能见度损失，但物理逆推可能引入外观估计误差。本文将水下场景级增强（USE）定义为从退化的多视角水下观测中学习一个持久且可视性增强的3D场景表示，以实现一致的增强渲染。实现USE需可靠场景表示与无配对增强3D数据的一致增强目标。为此，提出两阶段框架3D-USE：首先，中等径向基锚表示（MediumRBF）通过共享径向基锚建模水体效应，显式分解物体与介质贡献，构建介质感知的高斯场景；基于此固定表示，外观过渡共识（ATC）将成对2D水下图像增强（UIE）知识转移为全局与局部高斯目标，避免依赖不一致的增强视图监督；最后，水下双边外观场（U-BAF）在高斯辐射场与介质外观中实现这些目标。推理时直接生成增强新视角，无需2D UIE模型。真实水下场景实验表明，该方法显著提升可见度与跨视图一致性，同时保持重建质量。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Underwater 3D reconstruction faithfully reproduces the color shifts and visibility loss of captured views, while physical inversion may leave estimation errors in the recovered scene appearance. We formulate Underwater Scene-level Enhancement (USE) as learning a persistent, visibility-enhanced 3D scene representation from degraded multi-view underwater observations, enabling consistent enhanced rendering. Realizing USE requires both a reliable scene representation for enhancement and a consistent enhancement target without paired enhanced 3D data. Therefore, we present 3D-USE, a two-stage framework. First, the Medium Radial Basis Anchor Representation (MediumRBF) establishes a medium-aware Gaussian scene by representing water effects with shared radial-basis anchors and explicitly decomposing object and medium contributions. Based on this fixed scene representation, Appearance Transition Consensus (ATC) transfers paired 2D underwater image enhancement (UIE) knowledge into scene-global and Gaussian-local targets, avoiding direct supervision from inconsistent enhanced views. An Underwater Bilateral Appearance Field (U-BAF) then realizes these targets in Gaussian radiance and medium appearance. The scene directly renders enhanced novel views without a 2D UIE model at inference. Experiments on real underwater scenes show improved visibility and cross-view consistency while preserving reconstruction quality.
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