arXiv:2608.28145cs.CV2026-08

解决视觉语言模型无源域适应中的语义漂移问题,提升稳定性和泛化能力。

Dual-Stream Semantic Guidance with Prototype Anchor Calibration for Source-Fully-Free Adaptation of Vision-Language Models

论文配图:Dual-Stream Semantic Guidance with Prototype Anchor Calibration for Source-Fully-Free Adaptation of Vision-Language Models
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 双流架构分别处理生成文本和类别原型,缓解语义漂移
  • 新方法在多个基准上超越当前最佳,适配时间减少18.9%
  • 适合研究无源数据场景下模型迁移与稳定性平衡的学者

无源域适应(SFF-DA)旨在不依赖源数据或特定任务源模型的情况下适配视觉语言模型(VLMs)。然而,我们识别出一个关键挑战:双重语义漂移——由固定类别嵌入导致的静态漂移,以及由生成描述差异引发的动态漂移,严重加剧了稳定性与可塑性之间的矛盾。为此,我们提出端到端框架DSSG(Dual-Stream Semantic Guidance),通过引入双流语义引导模块,整合生成文本流与类别锚点流,实现细粒度可塑性与全局一致性平衡。进一步设计动态跨模态知识蒸馏(CMKD)模块,利用演进教师分布校准师生一致性。在此基础上,提出原型锚点校准(PAC)机制,周期性更新并缓存原型锚点,减少冗余文本计算,同时保持对文本空间演化的适应能力。我们还建立了SFF-DA风险边界,将学生模型风险与语义教师质量及师生差异关联。大量实验表明,DSSG在多个基准上持续优于现有最先进方法;而DSSG-PAC在适配时间降低18.9%的前提下,基本维持原有性能。代码已公开于https://github.com/mrmenand/DSSG。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Source-Fully-Free Domain Adaptation (SFF-DA) has emerged as a strategic paradigm to adapt Vision-Language Models (VLMs) without any access to source data or task-specific source models. However, we identify a critical Dual Semantic Drift that hinders this process: static drift arising from the rigidity of fixed class embeddings, and dynamic drift stemming from the divergence of generated captions, causing severe semantic misalignment that intensifies the stability-plasticity dilemma. To address this, we propose DSSG (Dual-Stream Semantic Guidance), an end-to-end framework that reconciles fine-grained plasticity with global stability. Our core contribution is the Dual Semantic Guidance (DSG) module, which integrates a caption stream for domain-specific knowledge with a class-anchor stream to anchor global categorical consistency. Furthermore, a Dynamic Cross-Modal Knowledge Distillation (CMKD) module is introduced to leverage the evolving teacher distribution for calibrating teacher-student consistency. Building upon DSSG, we further introduce Prototype Anchor Calibration (PAC), yielding DSSG-PAC, which periodically calibrates prototype anchors and caches them until the next calibration. This design reduces redundant text-side computation while preserving the adaptability of class guidance to the evolving text space. We further establish SFF-DA risk bounds that relate student risk to semantic-teacher quality and teacher--student discrepancy. Extensive experiments demonstrate that DSSG consistently outperforms current state-of-the-art methods across multiple benchmarks, while DSSG-PAC largely preserves its adaptation performance with 18.9% lower total adaptation time. The code is available at https://github.com/mrmenand/DSSG.

视觉语言模型域适应双流架构无源学习

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