开源可仿真腱驱动灵巧手,模拟训练策略直接部署无需调优。
Aero Hand Open: A Simulation-Ready Tendon-Driven Hand for Dexterous Manipulation Learning
- 腱驱动结构降低电机成本,通过缆绳传递力矩实现少电机多关节控制。
- 构建了精确的仿真模型与双向映射关系,包含拇指三向耦合机制。
- 支持端到端强化学习训练,策略可在真实手部直接运行无需微调。
腱驱动手具有人体工学特性,将执行器置于关节外可显著降低成本:缆绳传力使电机无需安装在关节内,可用更小更便宜的电机;一根缆绳可驱动多个关节,减少电机数量。但这类结构在仿真中难以建模,且多关节间存在耦合,难以独立控制。本文提出 Aero Hand Open,一款面向灵巧操作学习的腱驱动类人手,提供开箱即用的仿真能力。三个核心组件:1)精确还原缆绳传动的仿真模型;2)双向识别出的执行映射,包含拇指三向耦合;3)强化学习训练包。结合三者,可在仿真中完全训练策略并直接部署于真实硬件,无需微调或状态估计。已公开机械设计、仿真模型、映射数据、训练环境与部署栈。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Tendon-driven hands are anthropomorphic, and moving the actuators off the joints is what makes a hand of this capability affordable to build. Two effects produce that saving. Routing force through a cable removes the requirement that a motor fit inside the joint it drives, so smaller and cheaper motors suffice, and one motor can drive several joints through a single cable, so fewer motors are needed. They are also harder to learn on than a direct-drive hand. The underactuated transmission that produces the saving is itself difficult to represent in a simulator, and the joints one cable drives are not independently commandable. We present Aero Hand Open, a tendon-driven anthropomorphic hand that is released simulation-ready. Three things ship with it. A simulation model reproduces the cable transmission itself. An identified actuation map connects that model to the motor commands in both directions, including the three-way coupling of the thumb. A reinforcement learning package trains policies for the hand. Together they let a policy be trained entirely in simulation and run on the hand with no fine-tuning and no state estimation. We release the mechanical design, the simulation model, the identified mapping, the training environment and the deployment stack.
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