arXiv:2608.28838q-bio.BMcs.CV2026-08

将冷冻电镜粒子挑选流程整合为重建感知的端到端管道,提升三维结构分辨率。

Reconstruction-Aware Cryo-EM Particle Picking

论文配图:Reconstruction-Aware Cryo-EM Particle Picking
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 构建一体化管道,联合优化粒子挑选、去噪和2D分类任务
  • 相比现有方法,实现更优的3D重构分辨率(最高达2.95Å)
  • 强调以最终重建质量评估筛选效果,适合结构生物学研究者

冷冻电镜(cryo-EM)可在近原子分辨率下解析蛋白质及大分子复合物结构,其最终3D重构依赖于从噪声显微图像中提取纯净的粒子堆栈。该过程通常分为三个独立子任务:粒子挑选、污染去除与2D类别选择。然而,这些任务各自训练与评估,未针对重建质量优化。本文提出将三者整合为一个以下游重建质量为目标的统一管道。采用CryoTransformer进行宽松粒子挑选,MicrographCleaner用于掩码污染区域,CryoSift通过连续质量评分选择2D类别,并引入微调步骤将保留粒子反馈至挑选器以闭合循环。实验表明,该管道在多个数据集上均达到优于所有对比方法的3D分辨率,最高达2.95Å。此外,研究发现最优2D F1分数并非对应最佳分辨率,说明粒子选择应作为整体重建感知流程,由生成的密度图质量来评判。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) determines the structures of proteins and macromolecular assemblies at near-atomic resolution, and the final 3D reconstruction depends on extracting a clean particle stack from noisy micrographs. This extraction decomposes into three sub-tasks, namely particle picking, contamination removal, and 2D class selection. Each of them, however, is trained and evaluated in isolation, and none is optimized for the reconstruction. We instead integrate the three sub-tasks into a single pipeline posed against downstream reconstruction quality. We instantiate the pipeline with a state-of-the-art component for each sub-task, CryoTransformer picking permissively, MicrographCleaner masking contamination, and CryoSift selecting 2D classes by a continuous quality score, and close the loop with a fine-tuning step that returns the surviving particles to the picker. The pipeline achieves a better 3D resolution than every picker we compare. We also show that the best 2D F1 is not the best resolution, so particle selection is better treated as one reconstruction-aware pipeline judged by the map it delivers.

冷冻电镜粒子挑选3D重构深度学习

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