探讨推荐算法与聊天机器人如何影响言论自由。
Free Speech and Artificial Intelligence
- 分析社交平台推荐算法如何控制信息可见性，影响公共话语
- 讨论聊天机器人是否应享有言论权及用户获取信息的权利
- 揭示AI开发者与平台的言论权利边界，适合政策与伦理研究者
哲学家与法律学者正就人工智能对言论自由的影响展开辩论。本文分析了两类不同AI技术引发的言论自由问题：社交媒体推荐算法和对话式AI（即由大语言模型驱动的聊天机器人）。第一部分指出，社交平台通过推荐算法控制数字公共领域中言论的可见性，使算法推荐与言论自由哲学密切相关。第二部分转向对话式AI，探讨赋予或不赋予人工代理言论权的理由，以及用户获取信息的权利，这可能使某些形式的聊天机器人监管失去正当性。全文还考察了社交媒体平台或AI开发者是否拥有企业言论权。核心目标是提出而非解决由快速发展的AI技术引发的一系列问题。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Philosophers and legal scholars are engaged in debates about the implications of artificial intelligence for freedom of expression. This paper analyzes the free speech issues raised by two distinct AI technologies: social media recommendation algorithms and conversational AI (i.e., chatbots powered by large language models). The first part shows that, through their recommendation algorithms, social media platforms control the dynamics of speech visibility in the digital public sphere, making algorithmic recommendation relevant to the philosophy of free speech. The second part turns to conversational AI. It discusses both the reasons for granting or withholding speech rights to artificial agents and users' right to receive information, which may render specific forms of chatbot regulation illegitimate. Throughout, the chapter also considers whether social media platforms or AI developers hold corporate speech rights. Its general aim is to raise rather than settle questions that arise from the rapid development of AI technologies.
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