从多个客户端的局部干预中拼出全局因果顺序。
Jigsaw-CRL: Recovering Global Latent Causal Order from Fragmented Multi-Client Interventions

- 通过分析跨环境精度矩阵的低秩结构,推断局部因果关系块。
- 在合成数据上成功恢复全局潜变量因果顺序,验证了方法有效性。
- 适合研究分布式因果学习或隐私保护下的系统建模者。
因果表示学习(CRL)旨在从高维观测中恢复潜在因果变量及其结构关系。现有方法通常假设所有环境共享相同的潜变量空间或至少具有共同的表示空间。本文研究一种碎片化多客户端场景:多个客户端与同一全局潜变量因果系统交互,但每个客户端仅能访问并干预部分潜变量。在此情形下,未使用的潜变量被边际化会引入双向边,导致单个客户端不再拥有节点级潜变量因果图,全局潜变量因果顺序必须通过拼合客户端特定的结构片段来恢复。我们提出Jigsaw-CRL框架,用于从此类碎片化干预中恢复全局潜变量因果顺序。在软干预下,不同环境间精度矩阵的差异呈现出由潜变量祖先关系决定的低秩结构。这使得每个客户端可恢复其块划分、块级祖先顺序及潜子空间,并将这些片段组装成全局节点级潜变量因果顺序。我们建立了可识别性保证,设计了实用算法,并在合成数据上进行了验证。代码已公开于https://anonymous.4open.science/r/code-for-Jigsaw-CRL-7B26。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Causal representation learning (CRL) aims to recover latent causal variables and their structural relations from high-dimensional observations. Existing CRL methods typically assume that all environments are defined over the same latent variables, or at least share a common latent representation space. We study a fragmented multi-client setting, where multiple clients interact with the same global latent causal system but each client only accesses and intervenes on a subset of the latent variables. In this regime, marginalizing unused latent variables induces bidirected edges, so a single client no longer admits a node-wise latent causal graph, and the global latent causal order must be recovered by assembling client-specific structural fragments. We propose \textbf{Jigsaw-CRL}, a framework for recovering global latent causal order from such fragmented interventions. Under soft interventions, differences between precision matrices across environments exhibit a low-rank structure governed by latent ancestor relations. This enables recovery, for each client, of a block partition, the corresponding block-level ancestral order, and latent subspaces, and then assembly of these fragments into the global node-level latent causal order. We establish identifiability guarantees, develop practical algorithms, and validate the framework on synthetic data. Our codes are available on https://anonymous.4open.science/r/code-for-Jigsaw-CRL-7B26
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