arXiv:2608.29680cs.CV2026-09

提出首个无需注册的卫星3D重建方法,实现绝对地理坐标下的高精度地形重建。

GeoRay: Gauge-Aware Feed-Forward Satellite 3D Reconstruction in the Geodetic Frame

论文配图:GeoRay: Gauge-Aware Feed-Forward Satellite 3D Reconstruction in the Geodetic Frame
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过轻量级射线对齐适配器,让预训练模型在非中心投影相机下可靠工作
  • 引入显式基准机制,使模型在零、单点、稀疏控制下均保持高精度,绝对误差仅2.99米
  • 适用于跨区域、跨数据集迁移,适合城市级高精地图与遥感分析场景

前馈式3D基础模型可在一次推理中重建视角场景。但卫星摄影测量需要不同输出:在非中心有理多项式相机(RPC)下,以绝对大地坐标系生成稠密地表高程。单纯领域适应无法满足需求:透视预训练特征在RPC高程射线上不可靠,绝对高程具有低阶高程-基准可交换性,且单目与多视图线索在不同区域失效。本文方法同时应对三类挑战:轻量级射线一致性适配器使冻结主干网络可沿原生RPC射线匹配;显式基准机制将地形起伏与绝对高程分离,构造上等变于垂直原点,使单一模型支持零、一及稀疏控制推理;校准逆方差融合结合两条起伏流。在自建的十八系统绝对框架基准上,该方法在域内、跨数据集与跨城市层级均无注册或测试参考泄露地评估绝对定位。在26个未见的US3D瓦片上,实现2.99米绝对平均绝对误差(MAE),覆盖率91.9%,相比最强兼容前馈基线提升46.4分完形感知精度,在两种迁移扰动下仍为最准确系统,每瓦片模型前向耗时仅24秒。代码与模型将开源。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Feed-forward 3D foundation models reconstruct perspective scenes in one pass. Satellite photogrammetry needs a different product, one that domain adaptation alone does not deliver: dense surface height in an absolute geodetic frame under non-central rational polynomial cameras (RPCs). Perspective-pretrained features are not reliably observable along RPC height rays, absolute elevation carries a low-order height--datum gauge exchangeable with sensor bias to first order, and monocular and multi-view cues fail in different regions. \method{} treats all three. Lightweight ray-consistent adapters make a frozen backbone matchable along native RPC rays. An explicit datum mechanism separates relief from absolute level and is equivariant to the vertical origin by construction, so one trained model serves zero-, one-, and sparse-control inference. Calibrated inverse-variance fusion combines the two relief streams. \bench{}, our absolute-frame benchmark of eighteen systems across in-domain, cross-dataset, and cross-city tiers, scores absolute placement without registration or test-reference leakage. On 26 held-out US3D tiles, \method{} attains $2.99$\,m absolute MAE at $91.9\%$ coverage, improves completeness-aware accuracy by $46.4$ points over the strongest compliant feed-forward baseline, remains the most accurate such system under both transfer shifts, and runs in $24$\,s model-forward time per tile. Code and models will be released at https://github.com/HIT-SIRS/GeoRay

3D重建卫星遥感大地坐标前馈模型

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