arXiv:2608.30250cs.AI2026-09

用非推理大模型+编译器,低成本生成企业客服流程图

Generating Workflow DAGs from Natural Language with Non-Reasoning LLMs

论文配图:Generating Workflow DAGs from Natural Language with Non-Reasoning LLMs
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 将复杂流程图生成拆解为模型选词+编译器构建,降低计算成本
  • 在635条规则测试中达到90%条件准确率和89%有效率
  • 适合需要高可靠结构化生成的工业场景,如企业工作流自动化

本文解决企业客服中心中由业务管理员撰写的自然语言路由规则转换为可执行工作流图的问题。每个目标是包含并行分支、优先级回退链和分支布尔谓词的有向无环图(DAG),以商业路由平台的JSON格式编码。我们证明,神经符号分解使低成本的非推理大型语言模型可在不使用昂贵推理模型的情况下,生成符合生产要求的复杂工作流图。核心诊断发现:在635条合成规则的基准上,模型能高精度选择节点,但随着单次生成依赖节点数量增加,属性配置与布尔分组错误率上升。因此,我们将组合式图构建从模型移至由紧凑中间表示驱动的确定性编译器,并引入学习型注册表选择前端,聚焦生成相关词汇。在四个模型中,该系统达到约89%的LLM判别有效性、约90%精确匹配条件准确率,以及99-100%有效JSON输出,且每条规则提示词量约为单体提示的一半。在GPT-5.3-chat上,方法使判别有效性提升24个百分点,接近推理模型原生质量,尽管仍存在约8个百分点的差距。同时提供可复用的部署路径与结构化生成经验。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This paper addresses the problem of translating natural-language routing rules written by business administrators into executable workflow graphs for enterprise contact centers. Each target is a directed acyclic graph (DAG) of conditional actions with parallel branches, hit-first fallback chains, and per-branch Boolean predicates, encoded in the JSON dialect of a commercial routing platform. We show that neuro-symbolic decomposition enables lower-cost, non-reasoning large language models to generate complex workflow DAGs at production-relevant quality without expensive extended-reasoning models. Our central diagnostic is an emission-density bottleneck: on a 635-rule benchmark of manufactured synthetic data, models select the correct graph nodes with high accuracy but increasingly misconfigure attributes and Boolean grouping as the number of interdependent nodes emitted in one pass grows. We therefore move combinatorial graph construction from the model into a deterministic compiler driven by a compact intermediate representation, with a learned registry-selection front end that focuses generation on relevant vocabulary. Across four models, the full system reaches approximately 89% LLM-judge validity, approximately 90% exact-match condition accuracy, and 99-100% valid JSON while using roughly half the per-rule prompt tokens of a monolithic prompt. On GPT-5.3-chat, the method improves judge validity by 24 percentage points and achieves statistical equivalence to a reasoning model's out-of-the-box quality, although an approximately 8-point frontier gap remains. We also present a deployment path and transferable lessons for structured-generation applications.

工作流生成非推理模型神经符号结构化生成

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