arXiv:2608.30323cs.LG2026-08

用生成模型把数据少的风机数据变形成数据多的,提升故障检测准确率。

Generative multi-domain transfer learning for fault detection in data-scarce wind turbines

论文配图:Generative multi-domain transfer learning for fault detection in data-scarce wind turbines
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于StarGAN的多领域生成映射,将数据少的风机数据转为数据丰富的形态。
  • 仅用两周数据时,异常得分比传统微调高16%,比单源映射高10%。
  • 提出训练期代理指标,无异常时也能提前发现模型表现差。

正常行为模型在风力发电机故障检测中表现出色,但这些无监督异常检测模型需要充足的无故障训练数据来学习正常运行状态。在数据稀缺场景下,如新部署的风机,模型性能可能下降。本文提出一种基于星型生成对抗网络(StarGAN)的多领域生成域映射方法,将数据稀缺风机的SCADA数据映射为多个数据丰富风机的形态。通过保持操作状态不变,数据稀缺域中的故障可被数据丰富域的预训练正常行为模型有效检测。实验表明,在严重数据稀缺条件下,该方法生成的异常分数可媲美在大规模代表性数据集上训练的模型。当训练数据不足两周时,本方法始终优于仅用少量数据训练的模型。仅用两周累积数据,平均异常得分相似度比传统微调高16%,比单源域映射高10%。为进一步实现无监督模型选择,我们提出一个代理指标,可在缺乏异常的情况下于训练阶段检测模型性能不佳。研究揭示了多领域映射在非代表性训练数据下的潜力与挑战。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Normal behavior models have shown promise for reliable fault detection in wind turbines. However, these unsupervised anomaly detection models require sufficient fault-free training data to learn the normal operation behavior of turbines. Under data scarcity, for example in newly deployed wind turbines, these models may result in poor fault detection performance. In this work, we propose a multi-domain generative domain mapping approach based on Star Generative Adversarial Networks (StarGAN) to improve fault detection on data-scarce wind turbines. Our model maps SCADA measurements from a data-scarce turbine to resemble those of several data-rich turbines. By preserving the operational state during translation, faults occurring in a data-scarce domain can be mapped and detected by reliable pre-trained normal behavior models of data-rich domains. Highlighting the benefits of an ensemble fusion strategy, we show that under severe data scarcity our method can produce anomaly scores comparable to models trained on large representative datasets. Our approach can consistently outperform models trained on scarce data when less than 2 weeks of training data are available. With just 2 weeks of accumulated training data, we achieve an anomaly score similarity that is, on average, +16% higher than conventional fine-tuning, and +10% higher than single-source domain mapping. As a step towards unsupervised model selection, we propose a proxy metric that detects poor performance at training time, despite an absence of anomalies. Our study presents the potential and challenges of multi-domain mapping for wind turbine fault detection under unrepresentative training data.

故障检测生成模型数据稀缺风力发电

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