arXiv:2608.30468cs.CLcs.IR2026-08

通过证据反馈动态构建查询树,提升多跳问答的准确性。

Hi-Q: Hierarchical Evidence-guided Query Refinement for Multi-Hop Question Answering

论文配图:Hi-Q: Hierarchical Evidence-guided Query Refinement for Multi-Hop Question Answering
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 根据证据支持情况决定查询是否继续细化,而非固定模板
  • 在全库检索下平均达52.3 EM,超越基线15.1以上
  • 适合需要精准推理的开放域多跳问答任务

多跳问答的核心瓶颈在于问题表达粒度与文档证据可检索粒度不匹配。现有方法依赖固定图结构、迭代重写或程序执行,但未能明确判断何时查询单元已有证据支持。本文提出Hi-Q,一种基于证据的分层查询精炼框架,通过分辨率算子检测证据是否支持当前查询节点,已解决节点终止,未解决节点由保持依赖关系的二元算子扩展,并经语义覆盖验证器检查。因此,查询树拓扑由文档支持信号决定,而非预设模板或图结构。在三个多跳问答基准上评估,尤其在全库检索场景(需从开放域干扰项中定位相关证据),Hi-Q平均达到52.3 EM和64.0 F1,较迭代检索基线IRCoT高出15.1 EM / 18.2 F1,较图基基线PropRAG高出11.5 EM / 12.0 F1,且无需全局图构建。在受限支持/干扰设置下同样最优,平均57.9 EM和69.3 F1,优于PropRAG 5.6 EM / 3.9 F1,IRCoT 13.7 EM / 15.8 F1。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

A central bottleneck in multi-hop Question Answering (QA) is that the granularity at which a question is expressed often differs from the granularity at which corpus evidence is retrievable. Existing methods address this mismatch by imposing fixed graph structures over the corpus, by iteratively reformulating the query, or by executing a generated program over it, but these strategies do not explicitly decide when a query unit is already supported by evidence and when it should be refined. We formulate this bottleneck as retrievable granularity discovery and introduce Hi-Q, an evidence-conditioned framework for hierarchical query refinement. At each query node, a resolution operator tests whether retrieved evidence supports the current query unit; resolved nodes terminate, while unresolved nodes are expanded by a dependency-preserving binary operator and checked by a semantic coverage verifier. Hi-Q therefore grows a query tree whose topology is determined by corpus support signals rather than by a fixed decomposition template or a pre-built graph. We evaluate Hi-Q on three multi-hop QA benchmarks, primarily under full-corpus retrieval, where dependent evidence must be located among open-domain distractors rather than within a small annotated pool. In this setting Hi-Q reaches 52.3 EM and 64.0 F1 averaged over the three benchmarks, ahead of the iterative retrieval baseline IRCoT by 15.1 EM / 18.2 F1 on that same average, and ahead of the graph-based RAG baseline PropRAG by 11.5 EM / 12.0 F1 on MuSiQue-full, without corpus-wide graph construction. In the restricted supporting/distractor setting used by prior work, Hi-Q likewise attains the best accuracy, with 57.9 EM and 69.3 F1 on average, ahead of PropRAG by 5.6 EM / 3.9 F1 and IRCoT by 13.7 EM / 15.8 F1. The project page is available at https://hi-q-project.github.io/.

多跳问答查询精炼证据驱动

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