用光控移动原子传感器，实现无线信号接收位置动态调整。
An Optical Pathway to Movable Rydberg Atomic Quantum Receivers
- 通过光束控制实现原子云内传感位置动态调节，无需机械运动。
- 模型准确预测系统性能，仿真显示光控可显著提升接收效率。
- 适合未来可编程无线网络中的智能接收架构研究者使用。
本文提出一种可光学移动的里德堡原子量子接收器（RAQR），通过在每个原子蒸气腔内动态调控探测光和耦合光的位置，实现射频（RF）感知位置的无机械方式重构。通过将原子转换系数、光控相位和细胞中心阵列响应解耦，推导出闭式等效基带模型，并以林德布拉德主方程的数值解验证其准确性。基于该模型，揭示了两种互补的信道整形机制：一是通过射频到光的转换实现固有波束成形，二是利用光移位实现逐单元相位控制。为进一步挖掘这些能力，构建了关于光位置和本地振荡器设计的非凸和速率最大化问题，并采用带有解析梯度的交替优化框架求解。仿真结果验证了模型的正确性，并展示了光控可移动性带来的显著性能提升，凸显其作为未来无线网络可编程接收架构的潜力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This paper develops an optically movable Rydberg atomic quantum receiver (RAQR), in which the probe and coupling beams are steered within each vapor cell to dynamically reconfigure the effective radio-frequency (RF) sensing position without mechanical actuation. A closed-form equivalent baseband model is derived by separating the atomic transduction coefficient, optical steering phase, and cell-center array response into distinct factors and the accuracy of the resulting model is validated against numerical solutions of the Lindblad master equation. Based on the derived model, we reveal two complementary channel-shaping mechanisms, including intrinsic beam-pattern shaping through RF-to-optical transduction and per-cell phase control enabled by optical displacement. To further exploit these capabilities, a non-convex sum-rate maximization problem is formulated over the optical positions and local oscillator design and solved via an alternating optimization framework with analytical gradients. Simulation results validate the derived model and demonstrate substantial performance gains enabled by optical movability, highlighting its potential as a programmable receiver architecture for future wireless networks.
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