分析四国议会演讲语音特征，发现情绪与语速、语调的稳定关联。
Opinionated, Hesitant and Stressed: Three Studies of How Politicians Speak in Four Slavic Parliaments
- 用6000小时语料研究语音情绪表现，负情绪伴随高音调、强音量、快语速
- 跨语言发现说话者年龄、情绪和语速影响停顿频率，性别差异因地区而异
- 揭示斯拉夫语中词类重音偏好的一致性与例外，适合政治话语研究者
本文基于超过6000小时的ParlaSpeech 3.0语料库，对克罗地亚、捷克、波兰、塞尔维亚四国议会口头发言展开三项大规模研究。第一项研究考察语句级情感对语音实现的影响：所有议会中，负面言论均表现为更高音调、更强强度和更快语速，且在极正面表达时出现由唤醒度驱动的次级上升。第二项研究采用负二项广义估计方程（GEE）建模填充停顿频率，发现语速、年龄和情感是跨语言稳健预测因子，而性别效应在南斯拉夫（男性停顿更少）与西斯拉夫（无性别差异）间反转——此模式仅在多语言设计下可见。第三项研究聚焦克罗地亚语，显示动词、形容词、名词的重音偏好在说话者层面一致，但副词与专有名词则解耦。最后提出涵盖语料语音学、不流畅建模与政治修辞的研究议程。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We present three large-scale studies of spoken parliamentary speech across four Slavic languages (Croatian, Czech, Polish, Serbian), drawing on over 6,000 hours from the ParlaSpeech 3.0 corpus. The first study examines how utterance-level sentiment shapes acoustic realisation: negative speech is consistently produced with higher pitch, greater intensity, and faster rate across all four parliaments, with a secondary arousal-driven upturn at the most positive extreme. The second study models filled pause frequency using negative binomial GEE, finding that speech rate, age, and sentiment are robust cross-lingual predictors, while gender effects reverse between South Slavic (men produce fewer filled pauses) and West Slavic parliaments (no gender difference) - a pattern invisible to single-language designs. The third study investigates primary stress variation in Croatian, showing that speaker-level preferences for early versus late stress cohere across verbs, adjectives, and nouns but decouple for adverbs and proper nouns. We conclude with a research agenda spanning corpus phonetics, disfluency modelling, and political rhetoric.
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