arXiv:2609.01699cs.LGcs.IT2026-09

用三频段实测数据构建太赫兹数据中心数字孪生,实现高效无线规划。

Tri-Band Channel Measurement-Enabled Multi-Layer Digital Twin for Terahertz Wireless Data Centers

论文配图:Tri-Band Channel Measurement-Enabled Multi-Layer Digital Twin for Terahertz Wireless Data Centers
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于140/220/300GHz实测数据,分层构建物理、信道、评估与操控孪生模型。
  • 提出的神经场信道模型在实时推理下误差低于现有方法,可精准预测接收功率与视距概率。
  • 适用于太赫兹无线数据中心的部署优化,尤其适合天花板部署场景。

AI算力的快速增长推动了对灵活高容量数据中心互联的需求。太赫兹(THz)通信凭借超大带宽和高空间复用能力,成为未来无线数据中心的有力候选方案,而数字孪生(DT)技术则支持高效的无线规划与实时优化。本文提出一种测量驱动的多层数字孪生框架,用于太赫兹无线数据中心,从底层到顶层逐步构建物理、信道、评估与操控层。首先,在140、220和300 GHz三个频段开展广泛的信道测量,以刻画频率相关的传播特性。基于三频段测量结果,通过联合优化几何、材料、天线与混合传播模型,建立测量校准的物理孪生。在此基础上,开发一种面向视距(LoS)的隐式神经场,构建高效信道重建的AI信道孪生。该模型从校准的物理孪生中学习位置依赖的信道统计特性,实现接收功率与视距概率的实时预测。进一步基于重构的信道场,推导出系统级评估层,分析接入点到机架及机架到机架通信的覆盖与干扰情况。实验表明,所提AI信道孪生在保持实时推理能力的同时,功率重建误差低于现有神经场基线。此外,天花板部署方案在10 dB SINR阈值下实现超过90%的覆盖率,验证了该数字孪生框架在太赫兹无线数据中心规划与优化中的有效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The rapid growth of AI computing has driven increasing demands for flexible and high-capacity data-center interconnections. Owing to its ultra-wide bandwidth and high spatial reuse capability, terahertz (THz) communication has emerged as a promising solution for future wireless data centers, while digital twins (DTs) enable efficient wireless planning and real-time optimization. In this work, a measurement-driven multi-layer DT framework is proposed for THz wireless data centers, where the physical, channel, evaluation, and manipulation layers are progressively constructed from bottom to top. First, extensive channel measurements are conducted at 140, 220, and 300 GHz to characterize frequency-dependent propagation behaviors. Based on the tri-band measurements, a measurement-calibrated physical twin is established by jointly optimizing the geometry, material, antenna, and hybrid propagation models. On top of the physical twin, a line-of-sight (LoS)-aware implicit neural field is developed to construct an AI channel twin for efficient channel reconstruction. The proposed AI twin learns location-dependent channel statistics from the calibrated twin, enabling real-time prediction of received power and LoS probability. Building upon the reconstructed channel field, a system-level evaluation layer is derived to analyze coverage and interference for both AP-to-rack and rack-to-rack communications. Experimental results show that the proposed AI twin achieves lower power reconstruction error than existing neural-field baselines while maintaining real-time inference capability. Moreover, the ceiling-mounted AP deployment achieves over 90% coverage under a 10 dB signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) threshold, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed DT framework for THz wireless data-center planning and optimization.

太赫兹通信数字孪生无线数据中心信道建模

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