用点标注实现高效变化检测,通过两阶段优化提升伪标签质量。
Progressive Pseudo-Label Optimization for Point-Supervised Change Detection

- 引入SAM2生成候选掩码,结合双时相选择策略生成更可靠的伪标签。
- 轻量CNN模块通过不确定性损失提升边界精度和结构一致性。
- 自训练闭环机制持续优化伪标签与模型,适合标注稀缺场景。
点监督变化检测(PS-CD)旨在仅使用稀疏标注点识别双时相图像间的像素级变化。尽管点标注显著降低标注成本,但其有限的空间覆盖常导致伪标签不完整且噪声多。为此,本文提出两阶段框架,将SAM2先验引入PS-CD并逐步适配目标任务。第一阶段中,SAM2从双时相图像的点标注生成对象感知候选掩码,设计双时相掩码选择策略将通用分割响应转化为更可靠的变更伪标签;随后采用带不确定性感知损失的轻量级CNN模块,提升边界质量和局部结构一致性。第二阶段构建教师-学生自训练框架,教师通过指数移动平均更新,并定期刷新伪标签,形成伪标签优化与模型重优化交替的闭环过程。在WHU-CD、LEVIR-CD和SYSU-CD三个基准数据集上的实验表明,所提方法在多数基准上优于以往弱监督方法,且媲美部分全监督方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Point-supervised change detection (PS-CD) aims to identify pixel-level changes between bi-temporal images using only sparsely annotated points. Although point annotations substantially reduce labeling costs, their limited spatial coverage often results in incomplete and noisy pseudo-labels. To address this issue, we propose a two-stage framework that introduces SAM2 priors into PS-CD and progressively adapts them to the target task. In Stage I, SAM2 generates object-aware candidate masks from point annotations on the bi-temporal images, and a bi-temporal mask selection strategy is designed to convert generic segmentation responses into more reliable change pseudo-labels. Subsequently, a lightweight CNN refinement module with an uncertainty-aware loss is employed to improve boundary quality and local structural consistency. In Stage II, we construct a teacher-student self-training framework in which the teacher is updated by exponential moving average and periodically refreshes the pseudo-labels. This design establishes a closed-loop optimization process that alternates between pseudo-label refinement and model re-optimization. Experiments on three benchmark datasets, including WHU-CD, LEVIR-CD, and SYSU-CD, demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms previous weakly supervised approaches on most benchmarks and remains competitive with several fully supervised methods.
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