动态分配查询,让模型自动选对知识检索方式。
R$^{2}$Adapter: A Routing and Rewriting Adapter for Efficient Hybrid RAG

- 根据查询复杂度智能切换文本或图结构检索。
- 减少59%的图检索使用,准确率几乎不变。
- 无需额外训练,适配各类现有RAG系统。
检索增强生成(RAG)通过非参数化知识提升大语言模型性能。传统RAG适合简单查询,但在关系型或多跳推理任务上表现不佳;图结构RAG虽缓解此问题,但带来更高计算开销与延迟。用户查询复杂度差异大,固定策略难以最优。现有混合文本-图RAG方法依赖启发式或大模型路由,导致额外开销且强依赖底层模型。为此,我们提出R²Adapter——一种轻量级插件式路由与重写适配器,可动态分配查询至文本或图结构RAG。仅将真正需图推理的查询送入图检索,降低冗余开销。对不确定的图路由查询,进行重写以更清晰暴露多跳需求,提升检索质量且无需监督。在三个多跳问答基准上的实验表明,R²Adapter将图检索使用率降低最高达59%,同时保持相近答案准确率。该适配器模型无关,可无缝集成于多种文本与图结构RAG流程中,为混合RAG系统提供高效自适应方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a prevailing paradigm for enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs) with non-parametric knowledge. Vanilla RAG efficiently handles simple queries but struggles with relational or multi-hop reasoning. Graph-based RAG alleviates this issue but incurs higher inference complexity and latency. In practice, user queries can differ significantly in their complexity, rendering a fixed RAG strategy suboptimal. However, existing hybrid text-graph RAG methods typically rely on heuristic and LLM-based routing, resulting in unnecessary overhead and strong dependence on the underlying LLM. To address these challenges, we propose R$^{2}$Adapter, a lightweight plug-in Routing and Rewriting Adapter designed to allocate queries between vanilla and graph-based RAG dynamically. By routing only the queries that genuinely benefit from graph-based reasoning, R$^{2}$Adapter reduces unnecessary graph retrieval overhead. Additionally, uncertain graph-routed queries are rewritten to better expose their multi-hop reasoning requirements, improving retrieval quality without additional supervision. Extensive experiments on three multi-hop QA benchmarks demonstrate that R$^{2}$Adapter reduces graph-based RAG usage by up to 59% while maintaining comparable answer accuracy. This adapter is model-agnostic and can be seamlessly integrated into diverse vanilla and graph-based RAG pipelines, providing an efficient and adaptive solution for hybrid RAG systems.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。