为工业图像修复设计可审计的风险评估框架，判断是否需人工复核。
SafeRestore: Detector-Relative Risk Certificates for Selective Industrial Image Restoration
- 基于检测器反馈构建修复候选排序机制，动态评估风险。
- 在4591张图像上验证，修复后缺陷遗漏率高达81.1%-90.3%。
- 适合关注修复安全性与自动化决策可信度的研究者。
工业检测流程常在检测前对图像进行修复，但修复可能抑制缺陷特征或引发误激活。本文将修复视为在五种修复候选与人工审查之间选择的策略问题，提出一种基于动作特异性评分的筛选方法。通过阈值调优数据确定门控策略，并在独立认证样本上使用两个单边精确二项分布置信界评估：一个用于正例条件下证据损失发生率，另一个用于全接受时的过度激活发生率。在假设图像独立同分布的前提下，该方法提供边缘保证。基于4,591张公开Carinthia-S图像的回顾性分样研究显示，该协议具有可审计的风险-覆盖行为。主策略在五次训练重复中仅一次通过（失败计为零时，通过率为12.0% ± 26.9%），而固定双三次和低复杂度变体表现更佳。在保留形态下，证据损失率升至81.1%-90.3%，且KolektorSDD既缺乏检测能力，也无足够正例认证图像达成目标。贡献在于建立了一种可审计、依赖检测器的修复结果决策框架，而非宣称自适应路由优于简单策略。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Industrial inspection pipelines often restore a measured image before a detector acts on it, yet restoration can suppress detector-supported defect structure or create clean-region activations. We formulate restoration as a selective action problem over the measured display, five restored candidates, and review. SafeRestore ranks candidates with action-specific fitted scores, chooses a gate on threshold-tuning data, and evaluates the fixed gate on a disjoint certification sample with two one-sided exact binomial bounds: one for the positive-conditional evidence-loss incident rate and one for the all-accepted excess-activation incident rate. The guarantee is marginal for one policy fixed before its certification outcomes are observed, under an image-level i.i.d. working model. In a retrospective split-sample study of 4,591 public Carinthia-S images, the protocol yields auditable risk-coverage behavior. The primary all-action policy passes in one of five training repetitions (12.0% +/- 26.9% pass-gated test coverage when failures count as zero), whereas fixed bicubic and reduced-complexity variants pass more often. On reserved morphologies, evidence-loss incidence rises to 81.1-90.3%, and KolektorSDD lacks both detector competence and enough positive certification images for the stated target. The contribution is therefore an auditable, detector-relative framework for deciding when a transformed image may be returned automatically and when review remains necessary -- not a claim that adaptive routing outperforms simpler policies on the present evidence.
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