arXiv:2609.04048cs.CLcs.AI2026-09

用多智能体视角解析低资源方言翻译的决策空间,揭示模型隐含选择。

Translation as a Decision Space: A Multi-Agent Perspective on Low-Resource Dialect Generation

  • 将翻译建模为多个智能体在共享模型上的协作与分歧决策过程。
  • 轻量微调使方言标记使用率提升近一倍(0.2266→0.4988),结构更稳定。
  • 适合关注方言生成可解释性、多路径决策的研究者与应用开发者。

神经机器翻译系统通常对每个输入仅输出单一结果,掩盖了多语言解码中隐含的多种决策路径。这一问题在低资源方言场景下尤为严重,因多种语言上合法的表达可能在词汇真实度、语体风格和结构稳定性上存在差异。本文提出将翻译重构为一个由自主翻译智能体探索的结构化决策空间。不再分析单一输出,而是将不同翻译路径视为在共享多语言骨干网络上运行的智能体。智能体间的分歧被视作可解释的行为信号而非错误。我们在土耳其语-叙利亚阿拉伯语翻译任务上进行实证研究,采用三个智能体:(1)零样本直接翻译,(2)通过轻量微调实现方言稳定化翻译,(3)经由英语的桥接翻译。评估基于5000句对话数据,稳定化训练使用额外5000对来自电视对话与MADAR-Turk数据集的土耳其语-叙利亚阿拉伯语句子。不以传统性能指标为目标,而是通过方言标记频率、与标准阿拉伯语的词汇接近度、结构方差来量化结构性行为偏移。轻量微调几乎使方言标记使用率翻倍(0.2266→0.4988),显著降低结构不稳定性;桥接翻译引入规范化压力并产生可测量压缩效应,而零样本翻译表现出最高决策方差。我们认为,智能体间翻译差异揭示了多语言模型中的潜在决策灵活性,并提供了一个针对低资源方言生成的可解释性框架。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Neural machine translation (NMT) systems typically produce a single output per input, obscuring the alternative decision trajectories implicitly available within multilingual decoding. This opacity becomes particularly problematic in low-resource dialect settings, where multiple linguistically valid realizations may differ in lexical authenticity, register, and structural stability. We propose reframing translation as a structured decision space explored by autonomous translation agents. Instead of analyzing a single output, we model distinct translation pathways as agents operating over a shared multilingual backbone. Inter-agent divergence is treated not as error but as an interpretable behavioral signal. We conduct an empirical study on Turkish--Syrian Arabic translation using three agents: (1) zero-shot direct translation, (2) dialect-stabilized translation via lightweight fine-tuning, and (3) pivot translation through English. Evaluation is performed on 5,000 dialogue sentences, while stabilization is trained on 5,000 additional Turkish--Syrian sentence pairs drawn from television dialogue and MADAR-Turk resources. Rather than optimizing for conventional performance metrics, we quantify structured behavioral displacement using dialect marker frequency, lexical proximity to standardized Arabic, and structural variance. Lightweight stabilization nearly doubles dialect marker usage, increasing it from 0.2266 to 0.4988, while significantly reducing structural instability. Pivot mediation introduces normalization pressure and measurable compression effects, whereas zero-shot translation exhibits the highest decision variance. We argue that translation divergence across agents reveals latent decision flexibility within multilingual models and we provide a principled interpretability framework for low-resource dialect generation.

方言生成多智能体可解释性低资源

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