arXiv:2609.04267cs.LG2026-09

用风洞数据修正流体仿真模型,提升预测精度且不重训练。

A Data Fusion Framework for Grounding Aerospace Surrogate Model via Experimental Wind-Tunnel Observations

论文配图:A Data Fusion Framework for Grounding Aerospace Surrogate Model via Experimental Wind-Tunnel Observations
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于风洞压力测量数据,训练修正网络捕捉仿真与实测差异。
  • 在马赫数0.85下,修正后误差降低,翼面压力峰值和激波位置更准确。
  • 仅用少量实验数据即可提升模型可靠性,适合工程仿真优化场景。

基于高保真计算流体动力学(CFD)数据训练的气动代理模型能精确复现标量输出和全场数据,但其预测精度受限于CFD与实验观测之间的系统性偏差。本文提出一种实验校准框架,利用风洞压差测量(PSP)数据对已训练的深度学习代理模型进行修正。针对NASA CRM机翼-机身构型,一个在2300次高保真CFD模拟上训练的Geotransolver代理模型,在马赫数0.70–0.85、迎角0–4度范围内,对气动力和俯仰力矩的拟合系数R² > 0.99,但与实验数据不符。通过在相同迎角范围下,对两个马赫数(0.70和0.85)的时空对齐PSP数据训练修正网络,学习代理预测与实测表面压力分布间的偏差。在马赫数0.85时,修正显著改善了与PSP数据的一致性,尤其在翼面吸力峰、激波位置及后续压力恢复区域;同时,预测误差幅度下降,超过0.05 Cp的湿表面比例减少。该方法仅需少量实验数据,无需修改预训练模型参数,且在未见迎角条件下,修正后模型与测量值一致在测量Cp范围的2.3%–2.7%内,优于直接插值法。结果表明,实验数据可有效校准大规模仿真训练的代理模型,保留其泛化能力与计算效率。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Aerodynamic surrogate models trained on high-fidelity CFD data reproduce numerical predictions of both scalar outputs and entire fields accurately, yet their predictive fidelity is limited by systematic discrepancies between CFD and experimental observations. We present an experimentally grounded correction framework that adapts a CFD-trained deep learning surrogate using wind-tunnel PSP measurements. A Geotransolver surrogate trained on 2,300 high-fidelity CFD simulations of the NASA CRM wing-body configuration, spanning geometric variation, Mach 0.70-0.85, and angles of attack 0 to 4 degrees, reproduces the CFD integrated aerodynamic forces and pitching moment to R2 > 0.99 but does not match the experimental data. To incorporate experimental information without retraining the surrogate, a correction network is trained on spatially registered PSP measurements at two freestream Mach numbers (0.70 and 0.85) across the same angle-of-attack range, learning the discrepancy between the surrogate-predicted and experimentally measured surface-pressure distributions. At Mach 0.85 the correction substantially improves agreement with PSP, particularly at the wing suction peak, shock location, and subsequent pressure recovery, reducing both the magnitude of the prediction error and the fraction of wetted surface on which it exceeds 0.05 in Cp, and it does so from a limited experimental dataset without modifying the pretrained surrogate parameters. On held-out angles of attack the grounded surrogate agrees with measurement to within 2.3-2.7% of the measured Cp range, and outperforms direct interpolation between the measured conditions at every state tested. Experimental measurements can therefore ground a large-scale simulation-trained surrogate by learning systematic CFD-to-experiment discrepancies while preserving its generalization capability and computational efficiency.

气动仿真数据融合风洞实验代理模型

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