arXiv:2609.04646cs.CV2026-09

通过分块压缩与重要性感知蒸馏,让扩散模型在极低参数量下仍保持高生成质量。

Importance-Aware Low-Rank Distillation of Diffusion Transformers

论文配图:Importance-Aware Low-Rank Distillation of Diffusion Transformers
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 按重要性分配压缩比例,对低秩投影矩阵分块压缩
  • 在68%参数量时保留近全性能,57%时仍具竞争力
  • 无需微调即可生效,适合高效部署大型生成模型

扩散变换器(DiTs)已成为高质量文生图的核心架构,但其规模带来部署效率挑战。尽管大语言模型研究表明直接低秩近似可能导致灾难性失效,我们发现DiTs中截断奇异值分解(SVD)在大规模全局压缩下仍能实现平滑退化,冗余分布于全网络的投影矩阵中而非集中在少数模块。基于此,我们提出SVDtrunc:先在块级分配秩并按全局参数预算压缩较不重要的块,再通过模块化知识蒸馏与修正流目标微调所有块。该方法应用于FLUX.dev,在40%-90%参数压缩率下均优于现有方法。在GenEval、HPSv2和DPG三个基准上表现领先。尤其在68%参数量时几乎保持原性能,57%时仍具竞争力。此外,SVDtrunc可与步数蒸馏互补,即使无微调也表现良好,为大规模生成模型的效率优化提供实用路径。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) have emerged as a dominant architecture for high-quality text-to-image generation, yet their scale poses challenges for efficient deployment. While truncated singular value decomposition (SVD) is a principled tool for parameter reduction, evidence from large language models (LLMs) suggests that naive low-rank approximation can cause catastrophic failure. In contrast, we find that truncated SVD in DiTs produces smooth degradation even under substantial global compression, with redundancy distributed across projection matrices throughout the whole network rather than concentrated in a few transformer blocks. Building on these insights, we introduce SVDtrunc, a two-step block-level compression scheme, first allocating ranks across blocks and compressing the least important ones via truncated SVD under a global parameter budget, and then fine-tuning all blocks with modular knowledge distillation and a rectified-flow objective. We apply SVDtrunc to FLUX.dev across compression levels ranging from 40-90% of the original parameter count. Across three benchmarks, GenEval, HPSv2, and DPG, we outperform all competing approaches. Notably, and in contrast to prior work, we retain near-full performance at 68% and remain competitive even at 57% of the original parameter budget. Furthermore, we show that SVDtrunc complements step distillation and achieves strong results even without fine-tuning, positioning it as a practical continuation of efficiency improvements beyond diffusion step reduction for large-scale generative models. Project page: https://vislearn.github.io/SVDtrunc/

扩散模型模型压缩知识蒸馏

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