基于图神经网络预测足球传球目标,兼顾实时位置与进攻序列演化。
Hierarchical Possession-Aware Graph Pointer Network for Pass Receiver Selection
- 构建分层图结构建模球员互动与上下文,融合空间、事件与历史信息。
- 在公开数据集上准确率显著提升,尤其在视野受限场景下表现更优。
- 适合足球分析、智能裁判辅助等需要实时决策的场景。
传球目标选择是足球分析中的基础任务,旨在根据当前比赛状态预测传球意图接收者。该任务在以事件为中心的冻结帧观测下尤为困难,此类广播式设置仅提供部分且不稳定的球员可见性,缺乏完整轨迹或稳定身份标识。模型需在匿名可见候选人、对手压迫和近期上下文的不完全观察下进行推理。为此,我们提出层次化持球感知图指针网络(HPGPN),将传球目标选择建模为对可见队友的可变大小候选预测。HPGPN联合建模当前球员交互、局部事件上下文和持球层面的时间动态。通过图表示当前传球情境,引入固定事件上下文,并利用动态持球历史捕捉进攻序列演变。候选表示通过整合空间、上下文与历史证据分层优化,再由一个凝视指针头对候选者打分。在公开足球事件与冻结帧数据上的实验表明,HPGPN显著提升了传球目标选择性能。消融研究验证了基于图的交互建模、固定事件上下文以及双分支动态持球历史建模的有效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Pass receiver selection is a fundamental task in football analytics, aiming to predict the intended receiver under a given game state. This task is challenging with event-centered freeze-frame observations, a broadcast-like setting that provides only partial and variable player visibility without complete trajectories or stable player identities. The model must therefore reason over anonymous visible candidates, opponent pressure, and recent context under partial observation. To address this setting, we propose a Hierarchical Possession-aware Graph Pointer Network (HPGPN), which formulates pass receiver selection as variable-size candidate prediction over visible teammates. HPGPN jointly models current player interactions, local event context, and possession-level temporal dynamics. It represents the current pass situation with a graph, incorporates fixed event context, and uses dynamic possession history to capture how the attacking sequence evolves. Candidate representations are refined hierarchically by integrating spatial, contextual, and historical evidence, and a glimpse pointer head scores the receiver candidates. Experiments on public football event and freeze-frame data show that HPGPN improves pass receiver selection performance. Ablation studies demonstrate the effectiveness of graph-based interaction modeling, fixed event context, and dual-branch dynamic possession-history modeling.
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