让智能体动态修正执行路径,只改无效部分,提升效率与准确性。
TROVE: Adaptive Agent Skill Orchestration via Trace-Grounded Route Validation and Editing

- 基于运行时证据动态验证并局部修改执行路径,避免全盘重算。
- 在代码生成、问答和数学推理任务中,质量与效率均优于现有方法。
- 适合需要灵活应变的复杂任务,尤其擅长处理中途出错的场景。
智能体通常在获得关键运行结果前就确定执行结构,导致一旦中间证据表明后续路径无效,只能执行过时步骤或全面重规划,引发错误累积、计算浪费和进度丢失。为此,我们提出基于轨迹验证与编辑的自适应技能编排方法TROVE:仅修正被运行证据否定的部分。离线阶段,将已评估的工作流轨迹提炼为原子与复合技能及条件转移图,保留稳定片段,暴露依赖结果的决策点;在线阶段,将计划路径视为暂定方案:执行顶层技能后,控制器可保留有效延续、插入支持轨迹的局部响应,或仅替换无效后缀。在不同大模型底座下跨代码生成、问答与数学推理基准测试显示,TROVE相较现有数据集级优化、查询级架构选择与图约束调度基线,实现了更优的质量-效率权衡。当结果改变合理延续时,质量提升显著;在接近饱和的任务中,提前终止带来明显效率增益。消融实验进一步表明,复合技能贡献主要离线收益,插入支持局部修正,后缀替换主要提升效率。这些发现确立了选择性路径编辑作为自适应智能体编排的一般原则。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Agents tend to optimize, select, or constrain execution structures before decisive runtime outcomes are observed. However, such pre-execution commitment creates an orchestration bottleneck: when intermediate evidence invalidates the pending continuation, agents must either execute stale steps or replan broadly, compounding errors, wasting computation, and discarding progress. We thus propose Trace-grounded Route Orchestration via Validation and Editing (TROVE), which revises only what runtime evidence invalidates. Offline, TROVE distills evaluated workflow-search traces into atomic and composite skills and an outcome-conditioned transition graph, preserving stable fragments while exposing outcome-dependent decisions. Online, it treats a planned route as provisional: after committing one top-level skill, the controller retains a valid continuation, inserts a trace-supported local response, or replaces only the invalid suffix. Evaluation across code-generation, question-answering, and math reasoning benchmarks with different LLM backbones show that TROVE delivers a stronger quality-efficiency trade-off than existing baselines of dataset-level optimization, query-level architecture selection, and graph-constrained scheduling. Quality gains are largest when outcomes change the appropriate continuation, whereas early termination yields substantial efficiency gains on near-saturated tasks. Ablations further show that composite skills capture most offline benefits, insertion enables local correction, and suffix replacement primarily improves efficiency. These findings establish selective route editing as a general principle for adaptive agent orchestration.
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