将游戏规则直接转为因果模型,确保AI理解真实机制。
Compiling VGDL into Causal Models
- 用符号语言直接生成结构化因果方程,不依赖数据推断。
- 每帧状态变化都有明确因果路径,可支持反事实推理。
- 适合需要透明决策的强化学习与游戏内容验证场景。
强化学习和大语言模型常无法准确捕捉游戏环境的因果机制:前者依赖虚假相关,后者易虚构规则。尽管因果强化学习提升可解释性,但尚无正式方法将复杂游戏机制直接映射为因果模型。为此,我们提出一种确定性框架,将视频游戏描述语言(VGDL)定义的游戏编译为动态结构因果模型。不通过游戏轨迹或大模型输出推断因果结构,而是直接将精灵行为、交互规则和终止条件转化为显式结构方程。每个游戏帧对应时间t到t+1的状态变量因果转换。该方法确保对真实游戏机制的绝对因果保真。生成的模型提供透明的因果路径,支持反事实推理、因果强化学习训练及程序化内容验证。该框架为符号化游戏描述与因果驱动的游戏智能之间建立了原则性桥梁。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Reinforcement learning and large language models often struggle to accurately capture the causal mechanics of game environments. Standard reinforcement learning agents tend to rely on spurious correlations, while large language models are prone to hallucinating game rules. Although causal reinforcement learning improves interpretability, there is currently no formal methodology to map complex game mechanics directly into causal models. To address this, we propose a deterministic framework that compiles games specified in the Video Game Description Language into Dynamic Structural Causal Models. Rather than inferring causal structures from gameplay traces or noisy large language models' outputs, our methodology directly translates game components, including sprite dynamics, interaction rules, and termination conditions, into explicit structural equations. Each game tick represents a causal transition from state variables at time $t$ to $t+1$. By establishing this grounded mapping, the approach guarantees absolute causal fidelity to the ground-truth game mechanics. The resulting models offer transparent causal pathways that support counterfactual reasoning, causal reinforcement learning agent training, and procedural content validation. This framework provides a principled bridge between symbolic game descriptions and causally grounded game AI.
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