区分长期与短期关系,提升非平稳图信号预测精度
Role-Specific Predictive Geometries for Nonstationary Multivariate Graph-Signal Forecasting

- 分离长期均衡与短期波动的预测几何,分别建模不同角色
- 20组长期/短期关系全恢复,金融数据5折预测全部更优
- 适合处理具有稳定关系但轨迹非平稳的多变量图数据
当节点轨迹非平稳但节点间关系仍稳定时,多变量图信号预测面临挑战。在误差修正框架下,长期均衡恢复与短期瞬态传播具有不同预测角色,无需共享统一跨特征几何。本文提出角色特异性预测几何:有向长期关系作用于估计的均衡坐标,有向短期关系作用于滞后的差异。矩阵值长期响应在图传播前混合均衡坐标,短期响应使用图滤波的瞬态设计;直接多时序估计器耦合相邻时序的预测修正。时间交叉拟合与Frisch-Waugh-Lovell部分化使选定边相对于图-时间主干具有条件预测解释。长期算子始终右分解于均衡子空间,从而消除源共同趋势方向。控制实验完全恢复所有20组长期关系(20/20)、20组短期关系(20/20),且每组双模型实现均成功识别两类关系(10/10)。在四个真实世界基准上,该预测器在三个数据集上优于G-VARMA基线,金融基准五折中所有25个时序比较均更优。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Forecasting multivariate graph signals is challenging when node-level trajectories are nonstationary but stable relations persist across nodes and features. In an error-correction representation, long-run equilibrium restoration and short-run transient propagation represent different predictive roles and need not share a common cross-feature geometry. We introduce role-specific predictive geometries in which directed Long relations act on estimated equilibrium coordinates, whereas directed Short relations act on lagged differences. Matrix-valued Long responses mix equilibrium coordinates before graph propagation, while Short responses use graph-filtered transient designs; a direct multi-horizon estimator couples forecast corrections across adjacent horizons. Temporal cross-fitting and Frisch-Waugh-Lovell partialling-out give selected edges a conditional predictive interpretation relative to a graph-temporal backbone. The Long operator remains right-factorized through the equilibrium subspace and therefore annihilates source common-trend directions. Controlled experiments recover all planted Long relations (20/20), all planted Short relations (20/20), and both role families in every Dual realization (10/10). Across four real-world benchmarks, the proposed predictor improves on the G-VARMA backbone in three datasets, with all 25 fold-horizon comparisons favorable on the five-fold financial benchmark.
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